ʻO ka Kingpin o ka Whitening: Kojic Acid

ʻO ka waika tartaric, i ʻike ʻia ʻo 'kojic acid' a i ʻole 'kojic acid', he huahana fermentation microbial i loaʻa i ka soy sauce, soya bean paste, wine brewing, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o nā huahana fermented he nui i fermented e Aspergillus.

Ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema mua loa he keʻokeʻo maoli nā lima o nā wahine paʻahana. Ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana i nā huahana fermentation, ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole he kuleana maikaʻi wale nō ka mālama ʻana i ka hou o ka waika curvilinear. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena keʻokeʻo maikaʻi a hoʻomālamalama. ʻOiai, ʻaʻole pilikia ka ʻili o ka ʻili. Hoʻohana ka nui o nā dermatologists ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika i ka 2 a 4% o ka kojic acid e mālama i ka chloasma i kā lākou poʻe maʻi me nā hopena maikaʻi.

Hiki i ka Kojic acid ke pale i ka hana o tyrosinase a hooki i ka hana o ka melanin. Hiki i ka Kojic acid ma kahi o 20 μg / ml ke kāohi i ka hana o nā enzyme tyrosinase he 70% -80%. I nā mea hoʻonaninani, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohui i ka 0.5% -2% o ka tretinoin, hiki ke kāohi i ka hana ʻana o ka melanin a hoʻokō i ka hopena o ke keʻokeʻo a me nā wahi māmā.

Ma waho aʻe o kona hopena keʻokeʻo, loaʻa i ka kojic acid ka free radical scavenging a me nā waiwai antioxidant. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka ʻili astringent, hoʻoikaika i ka hui pūmua a hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻili. ʻAʻole wale kekahi mau waiwai antibacterial, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i ka moisturizing hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i mea mālama no ka meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. Hiki i ka waika Kkojic ke pale i ka hana o ka hyaluronidase, no laila hiki ke pale aku i nā allergies.

ʻO ka waika Kojic, e like me VC, hoʻopaʻa i nā ion keleawe a hoʻopau i ka tyrosinase.

Hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia ka waikona Kojic i ka hana ʻana o ka melanin oxidation intermediates. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Kojic acid e ka dopaquinone waena, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ka substrate reaction chain a pale i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka melanin intermediate mai ka dopaquinone form i ka melanin hope. Hiki i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi no kona hopena ʻino. ʻO ia hoʻi no ka paʻakikī loa o kona hopena e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili a me ka contact dermatitis. No laila, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hapa nui o nā huahana keʻokeʻo he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o ka waikona kojic he kiʻekiʻe transdermal absorption, maikaʻi tyrosinase inhibition a ʻaʻohe hopena cytotoxic. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, ka wehe ʻana i nā kīnā, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻili, etc.; a hiki ke mālama i ka wai a hoʻonui i ka elasticity o ka ʻili.

I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka kojic acid, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolohe ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻe.

ʻO ka mua, e hāʻule ka waikawa kojic i ka mālamalama mālamalama a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻawaʻawa ikaika a ma kahi o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka melanin.

ʻO ka lua, ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka salicylic acid, nā ʻakika hua, ka nui o ka VC a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻouluʻana i kaʻili a'ōwili a hoʻopau i ka pale ma ka hoʻopaʻaʻana i nā meaʻoi aku o ka ikaika iʻoi aku ka hoʻonāukiuki. ʻO ke kolu, pono e hana i ka hydration ikaika, e hoʻolohe i ka pale lā e pale ai i kaʻeleʻele.

ʻOiai ʻo kojic acid ka ace i loko o ka lua o ka honua keʻokeʻo, pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia a hoʻohana pono ʻia i hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana nui.