Vitamini B1 - Cofactors of Human Energy Metabolism

Vitamini B1, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti thiamine, ndi vitamini yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa metabolism yamafuta. Nazi mfundo zazikulu za vitamini B1:
Kapangidwe ka Chemical:
Thiamine ndi B-vitamini wosungunuka m'madzi wokhala ndi mankhwala omwe amaphatikizapo thiazole ndi mphete ya pyrimidine. Imapezeka m'njira zingapo, ndipo thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) ndi mawonekedwe a coenzyme yogwira.
Ntchito:
Thiamine ndiyofunikira kuti ma carbohydrate asinthe kukhala mphamvu. Imakhala ngati coenzyme muzochitika zingapo zofunika za biochemical zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kusweka kwa glucose.
Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa ma cell a minyewa ndipo ndizofunikira kuti dongosolo lamanjenje lizigwira ntchito moyenera.
Kochokera:
Zakudya zabwino za thiamine ndi monga mbewu zonse, chimanga cholimba, nyemba (monga nyemba ndi mphodza), mtedza, njere, nkhumba, ndi yisiti.
Kupereŵera:
Kuperewera kwa Thiamine kungayambitse matenda omwe amadziwika kuti beriberi. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya beriberi:
Wet Beriberi:Zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro za mtima ndipo zingayambitse kulephera kwa mtima.
Dry Beriberi:Zimakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro monga kufooka kwa minofu, kugwedeza, ndi kuyenda movutikira.
Kuperewera kwa thiamine kumatha kuchitikanso mwa anthu omwe amadya zakudya zambiri zama carbohydrate oyeretsedwa komanso zakudya zochepa za thiamine.
Zinthu Zogwirizana ndi Kuperewera kwa Thiamine:
Kuledzera kosatha ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa thiamine. Matendawa amadziwika kuti Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, ndipo amatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro zazikulu zaubongo.
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuyamwa kwa michere, monga matenda a Crohn's kapena opaleshoni ya bariatric, zitha kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha kuchepa kwa thiamine.
Daily Allowance (RDA) yovomerezeka:
Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku wa thiamine umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka, kugonana, komanso moyo. Imawonetsedwa mu milligrams.
Zowonjezera:
Thiamine supplementation nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa ngati akusowa kapena pakufunika kufunikira, monga pa nthawi yapakati kapena kuyamwitsa. Amaperekedwanso nthawi zina kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake.
Kumva Kutentha:
Thiamine amamva kutentha. Kuphika ndi kukonza kungayambitse kutaya kwa thiamine m'zakudya. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuphatikizira zakudya zosiyanasiyana zatsopano komanso zosasinthidwa pang'ono muzakudya kuti muzitha kudya mokwanira.
Kuyanjana ndi Mankhwala:
Mankhwala ena, monga okodzetsa ndi mankhwala oletsa khunyu, angapangitse thupi kufuna thiamine. Ndikofunika kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati pali nkhawa zokhudzana ndi momwe thiamine alili, makamaka pankhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Kuwonetsetsa kudya mokwanira kwa thiamine kudzera muzakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, makamaka pakugwira bwino ntchito kwamanjenje ndi metabolism yamphamvu. Ngati pali zodetsa nkhawa za kuchepa kwa thiamine kapena supplementation, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi akatswiri azachipatala kuti akutsogolereni.