Mbiri ya vitamini B1
Vitamini B1 ndi mankhwala akale, vitamini B woyamba kupezeka.
Mu 1630, katswiri wa sayansi ya ku Netherlands Jacobs · Bonites adalongosola koyamba za beriberi ku Java (chidziwitso: osati beriberi).
M'zaka za m'ma 80 za zaka za m'ma 1900, chifukwa chenicheni cha beriberi chinapezeka koyamba ndi Navy ya ku Japan.
Mu 1886, Dr. Christian · Ekmann, dokotala wa ku Netherlands, adachita kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi poizoni kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a beriberi ndipo anapeza kuti nkhuku zomwe zimadya mpunga wopukutidwa kapena woyera zingayambitse neuritis, ndipo kudya mpunga wofiira kapena mankhusu a mpunga kungalepheretse kapena kuchiza matenda.
Mu 1911, Dr. Casimir Funk, katswiri wa zamankhwala ku London, anasakaniza thiamine kuchokera ku chinangwa cha mpunga ndikuutcha "vitamini B1".
Mu 1936, Williams ndi Cline11 adasindikiza kapangidwe kolondola koyamba ndi kaphatikizidwe ka vitamini B1.
Biochemical ntchito ya vitamini B1
Vitamini B1 ndi vitamini wosungunuka m'madzi womwe sungathe kupangidwa ndi thupi ndipo umayenera kutengedwa kudzera muzakudya kapena zowonjezera.
Pali mitundu itatu ya vitamini B1 m'thupi la munthu, yomwe ndi thiamine monophosphate, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) ndi thiamine triphosphate, yomwe TPP ndiyo mawonekedwe akuluakulu omwe amapezeka m'thupi.
TPP ndi cofactor ya michere yambiri yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi metabolism yamphamvu, kuphatikizapo mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, ndi cytosolic transketolase, zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi catabolism ya carbohydrate, ndipo zonsezi zimasonyeza kuchepa kwa ntchito panthawi ya kuchepa kwa thiamine.
Thiamine imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kagayidwe ka thupi, ndipo kuchepa kwa thiamine kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kupanga adenosine triphosphate (ATP), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma cell awonongeke; Zitha kubweretsanso kuchuluka kwa lactate, kupanga ma free radicals, neuroexcitotoxicity, kulepheretsa kagayidwe ka shuga wa myelin komanso kupanga ma amino acid anthambi, ndipo pamapeto pake kumayambitsa apoptosis.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kusowa kwa vitamini B1
Kuperewera kwa thiamine chifukwa cha kusadya bwino, malabsorption, kapena kagayidwe kabwino kagawo koyamba kapena koyamba.
Mu gawo lachiwiri, gawo la biochemical, ntchito ya transketolases imachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Gawo lachitatu, siteji ya thupi, imakhala ndi zizindikiro monga kuchepa kwa njala, kusowa tulo, kusakwiya, komanso kusasangalala.
Mu gawo lachinayi, kapena siteji yachipatala, zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za kuchepa kwa thiamine (beriberi) zimawonekera, kuphatikizapo claudication, polyneuritis, bradycardia, peripheral edema, kukula kwa mtima, ndi ophthalmoplegia.
Gawo lachisanu, gawo la anatomical, limatha kuwona kusintha kwa histopathological chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma cell, monga mtima hypertrophy, cerebellar granule layer degeneration, ndi kutupa kwa cerebral microglial.
Anthu omwe amafunikira vitamini B1 supplementation
Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali amafunikira vitamini B1 kuti atenge nawo gawo pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi, ndipo vitamini B1 amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Anthu amene amasuta, kumwa, ndi kugona mochedwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Odwala matenda aakulu, makamaka odwala matenda a mtima, shuga, matenda a impso, aakulu obstructive m`mapapo mwanga matenda, ndi zinabadwa matenda thirakiti kupuma.
Odwala omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa vitamini B1 kumatayika mumkodzo chifukwa ma diuretics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, digoxin ingachepetsenso mphamvu ya maselo a minofu ya mtima kuyamwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito vitamini B1.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito vitamini B1
1. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo waukulu, kutsimikiza kwa seramu theophylline ndende kumatha kusokonezedwa, kutsimikiza kwa uric acid ndende kumatha kuwonjezedwa mwabodza, ndipo urobilinogen ikhoza kukhala yonyenga.
2. Vitamini B1 ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamaso jekeseni shuga pochiza Wernicke a encephalopathy.
3. Vitamini B1 nthawi zambiri imatha kulowetsedwa kuchokera ku chakudya chabwinobwino, ndipo kuchepa kwa monovitamin B1 sikochitika. Ngati zizindikiro zasokonekera, vitamini B-complex ndiyo yabwino.
4. Ayenera kutengedwa molingana ndi mlingo wovomerezeka, musapitirire.
5. Funsani dokotala kapena wazamankhwala wa ana.
6 . Azimayi apakati ndi oyamwitsa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.
7. Ngati mwamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kapena mutakhala ndi vuto lalikulu, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga.
8. Iwo omwe ali ndi matupi awo sagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa ndi oletsedwa, ndipo omwe ali ndi ziwengo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala.
9. Ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamene katundu wake akusintha.
10. Khalani kutali ndi ana.
11 Ana ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi munthu wamkulu.
12. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, chonde funsani dokotala kapena wazamankhwala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-09-2024
