I-N-Acetyl Carnosine: I-Antioxidant Enamandla Ethuthukisa Impilo Yamehlo

I-N-Acetyl Carnosine (NAC) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ehlobene ne-dipeptide carnosine. Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-NAC siyefana ne-carnosine ngaphandle kokuthi sithwala iqembu le-acetyl elengeziwe. I-acetylation yenza i-NAC imelane kakhulu nokonakaliswa yi-carnosinase, i-enzyme ephula i-carnosine kuma-amino acid ayizakhi, i-beta-alanine ne-histidine.
I-Carnosine kanye nokuphuma kwe-metabolic kwe-carnosine, okuhlanganisa i-NAC, kutholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zezicubu kodwa ikakhulukazi izicubu zemisipha. Lezi zinhlanganisela zinamazinga ahlukahlukene okusebenza njengama-free radical scavengers.Kuphakanyiswe ukuthi i-NAC isebenza ngokukhethekile ngokumelene ne-lipid peroxidation ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zelensi esweni. Kuyisithako esisemathonsini asweni athengiswa njengesengezo sokudla (hhayi umuthi) futhi esenyuselwe ukuvikela nokwelashwa kolwelwesi lwama-cataract. Kunobufakazi obuncane ngokuphepha kwayo, futhi abukho ubufakazi obuqand’ ikhanda bokuthi inhlanganisela inanoma yimuphi umphumela empilweni yamehlo.
Iningi locwaningo lomtholampilo lwe-NAC lwenziwe ngu-Mark Babizhayev wenkampani ezinze e-US i-Innovative Vision Products (IVP), edayisa imithi yokwelapha ye-NAC.
Phakathi nokuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni okwenziwa eMoscow Helmholtz Research Institute for Eye Diseases, kwaboniswa ukuthi i-NAC (1% yokugxilisa ingqondo), yakwazi ukudlula isuka ku-cornea iye kuhlaya olunamanzi ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-15 kuya kwengama-30. Ocwaningweni lwango-2004 lwamehlo e-canine angama-90 anamehlo, i-NAC kubikwa ukuthi yenze kangcono kune-placebo ekuthinteni kahle ukucaca kwelensi. Ucwaningo lokuqala lwabantu i-NAC lubike ukuthi i-NAC yayisebenza kahle ekuthuthukiseni umbono ezigulini ze-cataract futhi yehlisa ukubukeka kwe-cataract.
Iqembu le-Babizhayev kamuva lashicilela uhlolo lomtholampilo olulawulwa yi-placebo lwe-NAC emehlweni abantu abangu-76 abanamehlo athambile kuya kwathuthukile futhi labika imiphumela emihle efanayo ye-NAC. Kodwa-ke, ukubuyekezwa kwesayensi yango-2007 kwezincwadi zamanje kuxoxisane ngemikhawulo yocwaningo lomtholampilo, kuphawula ukuthi ucwaningo lwalunamandla aphansi ezibalo, izinga eliphezulu lokuyeka kanye "nokulinganisa okuyisisekelo okunganele ukuqhathanisa umphumela we-NAC", kuphetha ngokuthi "okukhudlwana okuhlukile ukuhlolwa kuyadingeka ukuze kuzwakale inzuzo yokwelashwa kwe-NAC yesikhathi eside”.
U-Babizhayev kanye nozakwabo bashicilele olunye ucwaningo lomtholampilo wabantu ngo-2009. Babika imiphumela emihle ye-NAC kanye nokuphikisana ngokuthi "amafomula athile kuphela aklanywe i-IVP… asebenza ngempumelelo ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni ulwelwesi oludala ukuze lusetshenziswe isikhathi eside."
I-N-acetyl carnosine iye yacwaningwa ngamandla ayo okusekela i-lens nempilo ye-retinal. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-N-acetyl carnosine ingasiza ekugcineni ukucaca kwelensi (ibalulekile ukuze ubone kahle) futhi ivikele amaseli e-retina antekenteke emonakalweni. Le miphumela yenza i-N-acetyl carnosine ibe inhlanganisela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa impilo yamehlo iyonke kanye nokuvikela umsebenzi obonakalayo.
Nakuba i-N-acetyl carnosine ibonisa isithembiso ekusekeleni impilo yamehlo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele imiphumela yayo yesikhathi eside kanye nokusebenzisana okungase kube khona neminye imithi. Njenganoma yisiphi isithasiselo noma ukwelashwa, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-N-acetyl carnosine, ikakhulukazi uma unezimo zamehlo noma uthatha eminye imithi.
Ukwengeza, lapho ucabangela ukwengezela nge-N-acetyl carnosine, kubalulekile ukukhetha umkhiqizo ohlonishwayo, osezingeni eliphezulu ukuze uqinisekise ubumsulwa nokusebenza kahle. Kukhona amaconsi wamehlo emakethe aqukethe i-N-acetyl carnosine, futhi ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu kubalulekile ukulandela umthamo onconywayo kanye nemiyalelo yokusetshenziswa.
Sengiphetha, i-N-acetyl carnosine iyinhlanganisela ethembisayo enamandla amakhulu ekusekeleni impilo yamehlo, ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni izifo zamehlo ezihlobene nobudala. Izakhiwo zayo ze-antioxidant kanye nekhono lokuvikela amehlo ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuvikela umsebenzi obonakalayo nokugcina impilo yamehlo iyonke. Njengoba ucwaningo kule ndawo luqhubeka nokuvela, i-N-acetyl carnosine ingase ibe isici esibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuguga okunempilo nokugcina umbono ocacile, onempilo.